Applets:The Doppler Effect - Revision history

Noah at 21:05, 26 March 2023

2023-03-26T21:05:52Z

Hwang at 16:08, 23 January 2023

2023-01-23T16:08:23Z

Hwang at 01:10, 19 September 2022

2022-09-19T01:10:38Z

Javier: Text replacement - "„" to """

2021-05-28T14:40:19Z

Text replacement - "„" to """

Javier: Text replacement - "”" to """

2021-05-28T14:40:19Z

Text replacement - "”" to """

Tasnad at 14:21, 1 April 2021

2021-04-01T14:21:36Z

Guenter at 16:38, 21 January 2021

2021-01-21T16:38:45Z

Guenter at 12:32, 8 August 2020

2020-08-08T12:32:01Z

Guenter at 14:58, 7 August 2020

2020-08-07T14:58:40Z

Guenter at 14:47, 7 August 2020

2020-08-07T14:47:05Z

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 {{BlaueBox|TEXT=
-$\text{Definition:}$&nbsp; The&nbsp; $\rm Doppler effect$&nbsp; is the change in the perceived frequency of waves of any kind that occurs when the source (transmitter) and observer (receiver) move relative to each other. This was theoretically predicted  by the Austrian mathematician, physicist and astronomer &nbsp;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Doppler Christian Andreas Doppler]&nbsp; in the middle of the 19th century and named after him.}}
+$\text{Definition:}$&nbsp; The&nbsp; $\rm Doppler\:effect$&nbsp; is the change in the perceived frequency of waves of any kind that occurs when the source (transmitter) and observer (receiver) move relative to each other. This was theoretically predicted  by the Austrian mathematician, physicist and astronomer &nbsp;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Doppler "Christian Andreas Doppler"]&nbsp; in the middle of the 19th century and named after him.}}
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 *The graphics in&nbsp; $\text{Example 3}$&nbsp; apply to the unrealistically high speed&nbsp; $v = c/5 = 60000\, {\rm km/s}$, which lead to the Doppler frequencies $f_{\rm D} = \pm 0.2\cdot f_{\rm S}$.
-*In the case of mobile communications, the deviations between $f_{\rm S}$&nbsp; and $f_{\rm E}$&nbsp; are usually only a fraction of the transmission frequency.&nbsp; At such realistic velocities&nbsp; $(v \ll c)$&nbsp; one can start from the following approximation, which   does not take into account the effects described by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity Theory of Relativity]:
+*In the case of mobile communications, the deviations between $f_{\rm S}$&nbsp; and $f_{\rm E}$&nbsp; are usually only a fraction of the transmission frequency.&nbsp; At such realistic velocities&nbsp; $(v \ll c)$&nbsp; one can start from the following approximation, which   does not take into account the effects described by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity "theory of Relativity"]:
 ::<math>f_{\rm E} \approx f_{\rm S} \cdot \big [1 +{v}/{c} \cdot \cos(\alpha) \big ] \hspace{0.3cm} \Rightarrow \hspace{0.3cm}{\text{ Approach}}\hspace{0.05cm}.</math>
@@ Line 194: / Line 194: @@
 Outside the range between&nbsp; $-f_{\rm D}$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $+f_{\rm D}$&nbsp;, the probability density function is always zero.
-[[Mobile_Communications/Statistische_Bindungen_innerhalb_des_Rayleigh-Prozesses#Dopplerfrequenz_und_deren_Verteilung|$\text{Derivation}$]]&nbsp; about the “nonlinear transformation of random quantities”.}}<br>
+[[Mobile_Communications/Statistical_Bindings_within_the_Rayleigh_Process#Doppler_frequency_and_its_distribution|$\text{"Derivation"}$]]&nbsp; about the “nonlinear transformation of random quantities”.}}<br>
@@ Line 212: / Line 212: @@
   \hspace{0.05cm}.</math>
-This course is called&nbsp; '''Jakes spectrum'''&nbsp; named after&nbsp; [http://ethw.org/William_C._Jakes,_Jr. William C. Jakes Jr.].&nbsp; The doubling is necessary, because so far only the contribution of the real part&nbsp; $x(t)$&nbsp; has been considered.<br>
+This course is called&nbsp; '''Jakes spectrum'''&nbsp; named after&nbsp; [http://ethw.org/William_C._Jakes,_Jr. "William C. Jakes Jr."].&nbsp; The doubling is necessary, because so far only the contribution of the real part&nbsp; $x(t)$&nbsp; has been considered.<br>
 [[File:P_ID2117__Mob_T_1_3_S4_v2.png|right|frame|Doppler PDS and time function (magnitude in dB) for Rayleigh fading with Doppler effect]]
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-In the&nbsp; [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_GSM#Zellularstruktur_von_GSM|GSM&ndash;D network]]&nbsp; $(f_{\rm S} = 900 \ \rm MHz)$&nbsp; these values correspond to the speeds&nbsp; $v = 60 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $v = 120 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; respectively.
+In the&nbsp; [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_GSM#Cellular_structure_of_GSM|"GSM&ndash;D network"]]&nbsp; $(f_{\rm S} = 900 \ \rm MHz)$&nbsp; these values correspond to the speeds&nbsp; $v = 60 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $v = 120 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; respectively.
 For the GSM&ndash;E network $(f_{\rm S} = 1.8 \ \rm GHz)$&nbsp; these values apply to speeds that are half as high: &nbsp; $v = 30 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $v = 60 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; respectively.

@@ Line 172: / Line 172: @@
 === Doppler frequency and its distribution===
-We briefly summarize the statements on the last page, while we proceed with the second, the non – relativistic equation:
+We briefly summarize the statements in the last section, while we proceed with the second, the non – relativistic equation:
 *A relative movement between transmitter (source) and receiver (observer) results in a shift by the Doppler frequency&nbsp; $f_{\rm D} =  f_{\rm E} - f_{\rm S}$.

@@ Line 225: / Line 225: @@
 For the GSM&ndash;E network $(f_{\rm S} = 1.8 \ \rm GHz)$&nbsp; these values apply to speeds that are half as high: &nbsp; $v = 30 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $v = 60 \ \rm  km/h$&nbsp; respectively.
-The right picture shows the logarithmic amount of&nbsp; $z(t)$:
+The right picture shows the logarithmic magnitude of&nbsp; $z(t)$:
 *You can see that the red curve is fading twice as fast as the blue one.
 *The Rayleigh – PDF (amplitude distribution) is independent of&nbsp; $f_{\rm D, \hspace{0.05cm} max}$&nbsp; and is therefore the same for both cases.}}<br>

@@ Line 280: / Line 280: @@
 :*&nbsp;As in&nbsp; $(6)$, only values between $f_{\rm D}=0.4$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $f_{\rm D}=-0.4$&nbsp; are possible, but now all intermediate values $(-0.4 \le f_{\rm D} \le +0.4)$.
-:*&nbsp;With &bdquo;Step" you can see:&nbsp; $f_{\rm D}\equiv0$&nbsp; only occurs if the receiver is exactly below the transmitter $(\alpha=\pm 90^\circ$, depending on the direction of travel$)$.
+:*&nbsp;With "Step" you can see:&nbsp; $f_{\rm D}\equiv0$&nbsp; only occurs if the receiver is exactly below the transmitter $(\alpha=\pm 90^\circ$, depending on the direction of travel$)$.
 :*&nbsp;Doppler frequencies at the edges are much more common:&nbsp; $|f_{\rm D}| = 0.4 -\varepsilon$, where&nbsp; $\varepsilon$&nbsp; indicates a small positive size.
-:*&nbsp;The basic course of Doppler – PDF and Doppler – PDS &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; &bdquo;Jakes spectrum" can be explained from this experiment alone.
+:*&nbsp;The basic course of Doppler – PDF and Doppler – PDS &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; "Jakes spectrum" can be explained from this experiment alone.
 {{BlaueBox|TEXT=
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 This interactive calculation tool was designed and implemented at the&nbsp; [https://www.ei.tum.de/en/lnt/home/ Institute for Communications Engineering]&nbsp; at the&nbsp; [https://www.tum.de/en Technical University of Munich].
 *The first version was created in 2009 by [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Studierende#Alexander_Happach_.28Diplomarbeit_EI_2009.29|Alexander Happach]] as part of his diploma thesis with “FlashMX – Actionscript” (Supervisor: [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Mitarbeiter_und_Dozenten#Prof._Dr.-Ing._habil._G.C3.BCnter_S.C3.B6der_.28am_LNT_seit_1974.29|Günter Söder]]).
-*In 2020 the program was redesigned by [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Studierende#Andr.C3.A9_Schulz_.28Bachelorarbeit_LB_2020.29|André Schulz]] (Bachelor thesis LB, Supervisors: [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_Übertragungstechnik#Benedikt_Leible.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2017.29|Benedikt Leible]] and [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_%C3%9Cbertragungstechnik#Tasn.C3.A1d_Kernetzky.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2014.29|Tasnád Kernetzky]] ) via &bdquo;HTML5".
+*In 2020 the program was redesigned by [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Studierende#Andr.C3.A9_Schulz_.28Bachelorarbeit_LB_2020.29|André Schulz]] (Bachelor thesis LB, Supervisors: [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_Übertragungstechnik#Benedikt_Leible.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2017.29|Benedikt Leible]] and [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_%C3%9Cbertragungstechnik#Tasn.C3.A1d_Kernetzky.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2014.29|Tasnád Kernetzky]] ) via "HTML5".
 ==Once again: Open Applet in new Tab==
 {{LntAppletLinkEnDe|dopplereffect_en|dopplereffect}}

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 :*&nbsp;As in&nbsp; $(6)$, only values between $f_{\rm D}=0.4$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $f_{\rm D}=-0.4$&nbsp; are possible, but now all intermediate values $(-0.4 \le f_{\rm D} \le +0.4)$.
-:*&nbsp;With &bdquo;Step&rdquo; you can see:&nbsp; $f_{\rm D}\equiv0$&nbsp; only occurs if the receiver is exactly below the transmitter $(\alpha=\pm 90^\circ$, depending on the direction of travel$)$.
+:*&nbsp;With &bdquo;Step" you can see:&nbsp; $f_{\rm D}\equiv0$&nbsp; only occurs if the receiver is exactly below the transmitter $(\alpha=\pm 90^\circ$, depending on the direction of travel$)$.
 :*&nbsp;Doppler frequencies at the edges are much more common:&nbsp; $|f_{\rm D}| = 0.4 -\varepsilon$, where&nbsp; $\varepsilon$&nbsp; indicates a small positive size.
-:*&nbsp;The basic course of Doppler – PDF and Doppler – PDS &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; &bdquo;Jakes spectrum&rdquo; can be explained from this experiment alone.
+:*&nbsp;The basic course of Doppler – PDF and Doppler – PDS &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; &bdquo;Jakes spectrum" can be explained from this experiment alone.
 {{BlaueBox|TEXT=
@@ Line 342: / Line 342: @@
 This interactive calculation tool was designed and implemented at the&nbsp; [https://www.ei.tum.de/en/lnt/home/ Institute for Communications Engineering]&nbsp; at the&nbsp; [https://www.tum.de/en Technical University of Munich].
 *The first version was created in 2009 by [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Studierende#Alexander_Happach_.28Diplomarbeit_EI_2009.29|Alexander Happach]] as part of his diploma thesis with “FlashMX – Actionscript” (Supervisor: [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Mitarbeiter_und_Dozenten#Prof._Dr.-Ing._habil._G.C3.BCnter_S.C3.B6der_.28am_LNT_seit_1974.29|Günter Söder]]).
-*In 2020 the program was redesigned by [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Studierende#Andr.C3.A9_Schulz_.28Bachelorarbeit_LB_2020.29|André Schulz]] (Bachelor thesis LB, Supervisors: [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_Übertragungstechnik#Benedikt_Leible.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2017.29|Benedikt Leible]] and [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_%C3%9Cbertragungstechnik#Tasn.C3.A1d_Kernetzky.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2014.29|Tasnád Kernetzky]] ) via &bdquo;HTML5&rdquo;.
+*In 2020 the program was redesigned by [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/An_LNTwww_beteiligte_Studierende#Andr.C3.A9_Schulz_.28Bachelorarbeit_LB_2020.29|André Schulz]] (Bachelor thesis LB, Supervisors: [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_Übertragungstechnik#Benedikt_Leible.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2017.29|Benedikt Leible]] and [[Biographies_and_Bibliographies/Beteiligte_der_Professur_Leitungsgebundene_%C3%9Cbertragungstechnik#Tasn.C3.A1d_Kernetzky.2C_M.Sc._.28bei_L.C3.9CT_seit_2014.29|Tasnád Kernetzky]] ) via &bdquo;HTML5".
 ==Once again: Open Applet in new Tab==
 {{LntAppletLinkEnDe|dopplereffect_en|dopplereffect}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{LntAppletLink|dopplereffect_en}} &nbsp; &nbsp;  &nbsp;
+{{LntAppletLinkEnDe|dopplereffect_en|dopplereffect}}
 ==Applet Description==
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 ==Once again: Open Applet in new Tab==
+{{LntAppletLinkEnDe|dopplereffect_en|dopplereffect}}

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 ==Exercises==
-[[File:Exercises_binomial_fertig.png|right]]
+* First select the number&nbsp; $(1, 2, \text{...})$&nbsp; of the exercise.&nbsp; The number&nbsp; $0$&nbsp; corresponds to a "Reset":&nbsp; Same setting as at program start.
-* First select the number&nbsp; $(1,\text{...}, 9)$&nbsp; of the exercise. <br>
+*A task description is displayed.&nbsp; The parameter values are adjusted.&nbsp; Solution after pressing "Show solution". <br>
 *In the following descriptions, $f_{\rm S}$, $f_{\rm E}$&nbsp; and$f_{\rm D}$&nbsp; are each normalized to the reference frequency $f_{\rm 0}$.
 <br clear=all>

@@ Line 308: / Line 308: @@
 :*  Protanopia: &nbsp; for users with pronounced red visual impairment
-&nbsp; &nbsp; '''(B)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Starting position of the transmitter &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; $(S_x,\ S_Y)$
+&nbsp; &nbsp; '''(B)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Start position of the transmitter &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; $(S_x,\ S_Y)$
 &nbsp; &nbsp; '''(C)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Input parameters

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 &nbsp; &nbsp; '''(K)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Selection of the exercise according to the numbers
-&nbsp; &nbsp; '''(L)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Task description and question
+&nbsp; &nbsp; '''(L)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Task description and questions
 &nbsp; &nbsp; '''(M)''' &nbsp; &nbsp; Show and hide sample solution