Aufgaben:Exercise 4.2Z: MIMO Applications in LTE - Revision history

Javier: Text replacement - "Category:Exercises for Mobile Communications" to "Category:Mobile Communications: Exercises"

2021-03-23T12:37:42Z

Text replacement - "Category:Exercises for Mobile Communications" to "Category:Mobile Communications: Exercises"

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:37, 23 March 2021
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	[[Category:~~Exercises for~~ Mobile Communications\|^4.2 Technical Innovations of LTE^]]		[[Category:Mobile Communications: Exercises\|^4.2 Technical Innovations of LTE^]]

Guenter at 16:41, 3 March 2021

2021-03-03T16:41:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:41, 3 March 2021
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	[[File:P_ID2311__Z_4_2.png\|right\|frame\|Four MIMO applications in LTE]]		[[File:P_ID2311__Z_4_2.png\|right\|frame\|Four MIMO applications in LTE]]
	One of the many innovations of  $\rm LTE$  is the use of multi-antenna concepts.  However, the technology known as  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  $\rm (MIMO)$  is not an LTE specific development.  For example, WLAN also uses this method.		One of the many innovations of  $\rm LTE$  is the use of multi-antenna concepts.  However, the technology known as  "Multiple Input Multiple Output"  $\rm (MIMO)$  is not an LTE specific development.  For example, WLAN also uses this method.

	The basic concept of MIMO is explained in the chapter [[Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE#Multiple_Antenna_Systems\|Multiple Antenna Systems]].  Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with several antennas.  This means that several data streams can be transmitted simultaneously.  In addition to  ''Single Input Single Output''  $\rm (SISO)$, LTE also supports "2x2 MIMO" in the uplink and up to "4x4 MIMO" in the downlink.		The basic concept of MIMO is explained in the chapter [[Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE#Multiple_Antenna_Systems\|Multiple Antenna Systems]].  Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with several antennas.  This means that several data streams can be transmitted simultaneously.  In addition to  "Single Input Single Output"  $\rm (SISO)$, LTE also supports "2x2 MIMO" in the uplink and up to  "4x4 MIMO"  in the downlink.

	The advantages of MIMO technology are:		The advantages of MIMO technology are:
	*a "Diversity Gain" and a "Data ~~rate gain~~" for multiple connections,		*a  "Diversity Gain"  and a  "Data Rate Gain"  for multiple connections,
	*a higher signal-to-noise ratio  $\rm (SNR)$  and a  $\text{higher peak SNR}$  at the same transmission power,		*a higher signal-to-noise ratio  $\rm (SNR)$  and a  $\text{higher peak SNR}$  at the same transmission power,
	* lower required transmission power for the same quality requirements, or		* lower required transmission power for the same quality requirements, or

Guenter at 16:27, 1 February 2021

2021-02-01T16:27:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:27, 1 February 2021
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	===Solution===		===Solution===
	{{ML-Kopf}}		{{ML-Kopf}}
	'''(1)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1 and 2</u>. The following sketches should explain the following MIMO methods:		'''(1)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1 and 2</u>.  The following sketches should explain the following MIMO methods:
	*Sketch  $\rm A$:  Multi–User MIMO,		*Sketch  $\rm A$:  "Multi–User MIMO",
	*Sketch  $\rm B$:  ~~Antennendiversität~~,		*Sketch  $\rm B$:  "Antenna Diversity",
	*Sketch  $\rm C$:  Single–User MIMO,		*Sketch  $\rm C$:  "Single–User MIMO",
	*Sketch  $\rm D$:  Beamforming.		*Sketch  $\rm D$:  "Beamforming".



	'''(2)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 2, 3 and 5</u>. Diversity can always be exploited if the transmission conditions show useful differences:		'''(2)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 2, 3 and 5</u>.  Diversity can always be exploited if the transmission conditions show useful differences:
	*in different places   ⇒   ~~spatial diversity~~,		*In different places   ⇒   "Spatial Diversity",
	*at different times   ⇒   ~~time diversity~~,		*at different times   ⇒   "Time Diversity",
	*for different frequencies   ⇒   ~~frequency diversity~~		*for different frequencies   ⇒   "Frequency Diversity".


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	'''(3)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1, 4 and 5</u>:		'''(3)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1, 4 and 5</u>:
	*As described in detail in the theory section, MIMO technology is used to achieve a diversity gain.		*As described in detail in the theory section, MIMO technology is used to achieve a diversity gain.
	*This indirectly results in a better SNR and improved transmission quality through more robust systems.		*This indirectly results in a better SNR and an improved transmission quality through more robust systems.
	*Interference, whether between cells or symbols, cannot be reduced by MIMO.		*Interference, whether between cells or symbols, cannot be reduced by MIMO.

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	*Multi-user MIMO allows more simultaneous users to be served.		*Multi-user MIMO allows more simultaneous users to be served.
	*Beamforming increases the range of the base stations.		*Beamforming increases the range of the base stations.



	Energy consumption is by no means reduced by MIMO technology, it even increases at the base stations as well as at the terminal:		Energy consumption is by no means reduced by MIMO technology, it even increases at the base stations as well as at the terminal:
	*The more antennas need to be powered, the higher the power consumption.		*The more antennas need to be powered, the higher the power consumption.
	*For this reason, mobile phones are currently limited to a maximum of two antennas - otherwise the battery life would be too short.		*For this reason, mobile phones are currently limited to a maximum of two antennas – otherwise the battery life would be too short.
	*The higher power consumption is of course less important at the base stations than with the large number of terminals.		*The higher power consumption is of course less important at the base stations than with the large number of terminals.
	*It is quite possible that MIMO and appropriate controlling will lead to improvements with regard to suggestions 3, 4 and 5. However, these improvements are indirect.		*It is quite possible that MIMO and appropriate controlling will lead to improvements with regard to suggestions 3, 4 and 5.  <br>However, these improvements are indirect.

	{{ML-Fuß}}		{{ML-Fuß}}

Guenter at 16:11, 1 February 2021

2021-02-01T16:11:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:11, 1 February 2021
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	[[File:P_ID2311__Z_4_2.png\|right\|frame\|Four MIMO applications in LTE]]		[[File:P_ID2311__Z_4_2.png\|right\|frame\|Four MIMO applications in LTE]]
	One of the many innovations of LTE is the use of multi-antenna concepts.  However, the technology known as  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  $\rm (MIMO)$  is not an LTE specific development.  For example, WLAN also uses this method.		One of the many innovations of  $\rm LTE$  is the use of multi-antenna concepts.  However, the technology known as  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  $\rm (MIMO)$  is not an LTE specific development.  For example, WLAN also uses this method.

	The basic concept of MIMO is explained in the [[Mobile_Communications/~~Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE~~#~~Mehrantennensysteme~~\|~~graphics in the theory part (example 2)~~]].  Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with several antennas.  This means that several data streams can be transmitted simultaneously.  In addition to  ''Single Input Single Output''  $\rm (SISO)$, LTE also supports "2x2 MIMO" in the uplink and up to "4x4 MIMO" in the downlink.		The basic concept of MIMO is explained in the chapter [[Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE#Multiple_Antenna_Systems\|Multiple Antenna Systems]].  Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with several antennas.  This means that several data streams can be transmitted simultaneously.  In addition to  ''Single Input Single Output''  $\rm (SISO)$, LTE also supports "2x2 MIMO" in the uplink and up to "4x4 MIMO" in the downlink.

	The advantages of MIMO technology are:		The advantages of MIMO technology are:
	*a~~ ''diversity gain'' ~~ and a~~  ''~~Data rate gain~~'' ~~ for multiple connections,		*a "Diversity Gain" and a "Data rate gain" for multiple connections,
	*a~~ ''~~higher signal-to-noise ratio''  (SNR) and a  ''higher peak SNR''  at the same transmission power,		*a higher signal-to-noise ratio  $\rm (SNR)$  and a  $\text{higher peak SNR}$  at the same transmission power,
	*~~ ''~~lower required transmission power~~'' ~~ for the same quality requirements, or		* lower required transmission power for the same quality requirements, or
	*more redundancy in system implementation and thus a~~ ''~~more robust system''.		*more redundancy in system implementation and thus a more robust system.


	In most cases, not all advantages can be exploited simultaneously. Depending on the nature of the channel, it can also happen that you don't even have the choice of which of these advantages you want to use.		In most cases, not all advantages can be exploited simultaneously.  Depending on the nature of the channel, it can also happen that you don't even have the choice of which of these advantages you want to use.

	Four different multi-antenna methods with different characteristics are combined under the name "MIMO", which can be useful in certain situations:		Four different multi-antenna methods with different characteristics are combined under the name  "MIMO", which can be useful in certain situations:
	*If the largely independent channels of a MIMO system are occupied by a single user, this is called  ~~'''~~Single-User ~~MIMO’''~~. This increases the data rate for this user by a factor of ~~almost~~ 2 for 2x2 MIMO and by a factor of ~~almost~~ 4 for 4x4 MIMO.		*If the largely independent channels of a MIMO system are occupied by a single user, this is called  "Single-User MIMO".  This increases the data rate for this user by a factor of  $\approx 2$  for "2x2 MIMO" and by a factor of  $\approx 4$  for "4x4 MIMO".
	*At  ~~'''~~Multi-User MIMO~~'''~~ one transmits different data streams to different users. This is especially useful in places with a high demand, such as airports or even football stadiums. The focus is therefore not on the maximum data rate for a receiver, but on the number of terminal devices that can use the network simultaneously.		*At  "Multi-User MIMO"  one transmits different data streams to different users.  This is especially useful in places with a high demand, such as airports or even football stadiums.  The focus is therefore not on the maximum data rate for one receiver, but on the number of terminal devices that can use the network simultaneously.
	*One speaks from ~~'''beamforming'''~~  when,in the case of poor transmission conditions, the transmission power of several antennas is bundled and thus data is transmitted to a (particularly important) user in a targeted manner in order to improve ~~the~~ quality of reception.		*One speaks from  "Beamforming"  when (in the case of poor transmission conditions)  the transmission power of several antennas is bundled and thus data is transmitted to a (particularly important) user in a targeted manner in order to improve his quality of reception.
	*With the help of  ~~'''antenna diversity'''~~  one increases the redundancy and thus makes the transmission more robust against interference. For example, if there are four channels, they will all transmit the same message in this application. If one channel fails at some point, there are still three channels that can carry the message.		*With the help of  "Antenna Diversity"  one increases the redundancy and thus makes the transmission more robust against interference.  For example, if there are four channels, they will all transmit the same message in this application.  If one channel fails at some point, there are still three channels that can carry the message.


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	''Notes:''		''Notes:''

	This task ~~belongs~~ to the chapter  [[Mobile_Communications/~~Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE~~ \|~~Technische Neuerungen von~~ LTE]].		*This task refers to the chapter  [[Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE\|Technical Innovations of LTE]].
	*In the adjacent diagram, the MIMO applications listed above are illustrated by highly simplified diagrams.		*In the adjacent diagram, the MIMO applications listed above are illustrated by highly simplified diagrams.
	*In the subtask '''(1)''' you should assign the individual applications to the sketches.		*In the subtask  '''(1)'''  you should assign the individual applications to the sketches.


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	{What types of diversity are there in general?		{What types of diversity are there in general?
	\|type="[]"}		\|type="[]"}
	- ~~interference~~ diversity,		- Interference diversity,
	+ spatial diversity,		+ spatial diversity,
	+ time diversity,		+ time diversity,
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	{What immediate advantages are there of using MIMO?		{What immediate advantages are there of using MIMO?
	\|type="[]"}		\|type="[]"}
	+ a diversity gain,		+ A diversity gain,
	- reduction of intercell interference,		- reduction of intercell interference,
	- reduction of intersymbol interference,		- reduction of intersymbol interference,

Guenter at 15:47, 1 February 2021

2021-02-01T15:47:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:47, 1 February 2021
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	[[File:P_ID2311__Z_4_2.png\|right\|frame\|Four MIMO applications in LTE]]		[[File:P_ID2311__Z_4_2.png\|right\|frame\|Four MIMO applications in LTE]]
	One of the many innovations of LTE is the use of multi-antenna concepts. However, the technology known as  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  (MIMO) is not an LTE-specific development. For example, WLAN also uses this method.		One of the many innovations of LTE is the use of multi-antenna concepts.  However, the technology known as  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  $\rm (MIMO)$  is not an LTE specific development.  For example, WLAN also uses this method.

	The basic concept of MIMO is explained in the [[Mobile_Communications/Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE#Mehrantennensysteme\|graphics in the theory part (example 2)]]  Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with several antennas. This means that several data streams can be transmitted simultaneously. In addition to  ''Single Input Single Output''  (SISO), LTE also supports 2x2 MIMO in the uplink and up to 4x4 MIMO in the downlink.		The basic concept of MIMO is explained in the [[Mobile_Communications/Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE#Mehrantennensysteme\|graphics in the theory part (example 2)]].  Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with several antennas.  This means that several data streams can be transmitted simultaneously.  In addition to  ''Single Input Single Output''  $\rm (SISO)$, LTE also supports "2x2 MIMO" in the uplink and up to "4x4 MIMO" in the downlink.

	The advantages of MIMO technology are:		The advantages of MIMO technology are:

Javier: Text replacement - "===Sample solution===" to "===Solution==="

2020-12-16T13:16:40Z

Text replacement - "===Sample solution===" to "===Solution==="

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:16, 16 December 2020
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	===~~Sample solution~~===		===Solution===

	<quiz display=simple>		<quiz display=simple>
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	</quiz>		</quiz>

	===~~Sample solution~~===		===Solution===
	{{ML-Kopf}}		{{ML-Kopf}}
	'''(1)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1 and 2</u>. The following sketches should explain the following MIMO methods:		'''(1)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1 and 2</u>. The following sketches should explain the following MIMO methods:

Javier: Text replacement - "Mobile Kommunikation/Technische Neuerungen von LTE" to "Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE"

2020-12-15T14:05:50Z

Text replacement - "Mobile Kommunikation/Technische Neuerungen von LTE" to "Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE"

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	{{quiz-Header\|Buchseite=~~Mobile Kommunikation~~/~~Technische Neuerungen von LTE~~		{{quiz-Header\|Buchseite=Mobile_Communications/Technical_Innovations_of_LTE
	}}		}}

Oezdemir: /* Sample solution */

2020-07-15T19:29:06Z

Sample solution

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:29, 15 July 2020
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	'''(4)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1, 2 and 6</u>:		'''(4)'''  Correct are the <u>answers 1, 2 and 6</u>:
	*~~Durch Single–User~~ MIMO ~~werden höhere Datenraten für den einzelnen Nutzer erreicht~~.		*Single-user MIMO enables higher data rates for the individual user.
	*~~Durch Multi–User~~ MIMO ~~können mehr gleichzeitige Nutzer versorgt werden~~.		*Multi-user MIMO allows more simultaneous users to be served.
	*Beamforming ~~erhöht die Reichweite der Basisstationen~~.		*Beamforming increases the range of the base stations.



	~~Der Energieverbrauch wird durch MIMO–Technologie in keinem Fall niedriger~~, ~~er steigt sogar an den Basisstationen wie auch am Endgerät an~~:		Energy consumption is by no means reduced by MIMO technology, it even increases at the base stations as well as at the terminal:
	*~~Je mehr Antennen versorgt werden müssen~~, ~~um so höher ist der Stromverbrauch~~.		*The more antennas need to be powered, the higher the power consumption.
	*~~Aus diesem Grund gibt es momentan für Mobiltelefone noch das Limit von maximal zwei Antennen – die Batterielaufzeit wäre sonst zu kurz~~.		*For this reason, mobile phones are currently limited to a maximum of two antennas - otherwise the battery life would be too short.
	*~~An den Basisstationen fällt der höhere Stromverbrauch natürlich weniger ins Gewicht als bei der Vielzahl von Endgeräten~~.		*The higher power consumption is of course less important at the base stations than with the large number of terminals.
	*~~Es kann durchaus sein, dasss es durch~~ MIMO ~~und entsprechendes Controlling auch zu Verbesserungen hinsichtlich der Vorschläge~~ 3, 4 ~~und~~ 5 ~~kommt~~. ~~Diese Verbesserungen sind dann allerdings indirekt~~.		*It is quite possible that MIMO and appropriate controlling will lead to improvements with regard to suggestions 3, 4 and 5. However, these improvements are indirect.

	{{ML-Fuß}}		{{ML-Fuß}}

Oezdemir at 19:27, 15 July 2020

2020-07-15T19:27:00Z

Show changes

Javier: Text replacement - "Mobile_Kommunikation/" to "Mobile_Communications/"

2020-07-09T09:13:16Z

Text replacement - "Mobile_Kommunikation/" to "Mobile_Communications/"

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:13, 9 July 2020
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	Eine der vielen Neuerungen von LTE ist die Verwendung von Mehrantennenkonzepten. Bei der unter dem Namen  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  (MIMO) bekannten Technologie handelt es sich allerdings nicht um eine LTE–spezifische Entwicklung. Beispielweise nutzt auch WLAN diese Methode.		Eine der vielen Neuerungen von LTE ist die Verwendung von Mehrantennenkonzepten. Bei der unter dem Namen  ''Multiple Input Multiple Output''  (MIMO) bekannten Technologie handelt es sich allerdings nicht um eine LTE–spezifische Entwicklung. Beispielweise nutzt auch WLAN diese Methode.

	Das prinzipielle Konzept von MIMO wird in der  [[~~Mobile_Kommunikation~~/Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE#Mehrantennensysteme\|Grafik im Theorieteil (Beispiel 2)]]  verdeutlicht. Sowohl der Sender als auch der Empfänger sind hier mit mehreren Antennen ausgestattet. Damit lassen sich gleichzeitig auch mehrere Datenströme übertragen. LTE unterstützt neben  ''Single Input Single Output''  (SISO) auch 2x2–MIMO im Uplink und bis zu 4x4–MIMO im Downlink.		Das prinzipielle Konzept von MIMO wird in der  [[Mobile_Communications/Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE#Mehrantennensysteme\|Grafik im Theorieteil (Beispiel 2)]]  verdeutlicht. Sowohl der Sender als auch der Empfänger sind hier mit mehreren Antennen ausgestattet. Damit lassen sich gleichzeitig auch mehrere Datenströme übertragen. LTE unterstützt neben  ''Single Input Single Output''  (SISO) auch 2x2–MIMO im Uplink und bis zu 4x4–MIMO im Downlink.

	Vorteile der MIMO–Technik sind:		Vorteile der MIMO–Technik sind:
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	''Hinweise:''		''Hinweise:''

	Die Aufgabe gehört zum Kapitel  [[~~Mobile_Kommunikation~~/Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE \|Technische Neuerungen von LTE]].		Die Aufgabe gehört zum Kapitel  [[Mobile_Communications/Technische_Neuerungen_von_LTE \|Technische Neuerungen von LTE]].
	*In der nebenstehenden Grafik sind die oben aufgeführten MIMO–Anwendungen durch stark vereinfachende Schaubilder verdeutlicht.		*In der nebenstehenden Grafik sind die oben aufgeführten MIMO–Anwendungen durch stark vereinfachende Schaubilder verdeutlicht.
	*In der Teilaufgabe '''(1)''' sollen Sie die einzelnen Anwendungen den Skizzen zuordnen.		*In der Teilaufgabe '''(1)''' sollen Sie die einzelnen Anwendungen den Skizzen zuordnen.