Aufgaben:Exercise 4.6Z: ISDN Supply Lines - Revision history

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@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 }}
-[[File:EN_LZI_Z_4_6_neu.png|right|frame|Main bundle, basic bundle and star quad]]
+[[File:EN_Bei_A_1_1.png|right|frame|Main bundle, basic bundle and star quad]]
 In &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_ISDN|$\rm ISDN$]]&nbsp; ("Integrated Services Digital Networks"),&nbsp; the terminal (near the subscriber) is connected to a local exchange ("OVSt") by a copper pair,&nbsp; with two pairs twisted into a so-called&nbsp; "star quad".
 *Several such star quad pairs are twisted to form a basic bundle,

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 }}
-[[File:EN_LZI_Z_4_6.png|right|frame|Main bundle, basic bundle and star quad '''KORREKTUR''': four-wire line&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; star quad]]
+[[File:EN_LZI_Z_4_6_neu.png|right|frame|Main bundle, basic bundle and star quad]]
 In &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_ISDN|$\rm ISDN$]]&nbsp; ("Integrated Services Digital Networks"),&nbsp; the terminal (near the subscriber) is connected to a local exchange ("OVSt") by a copper pair,&nbsp; with two pairs twisted into a so-called&nbsp; "star quad".
 *Several such star quad pairs are twisted to form a basic bundle,

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 *For more information on the attenuation behavior of copper lines, see the page &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_ISDN#Four-wire_and_two-wire_transmission|Four-wire and two-wire transmission]]&nbsp; in the book "Examples of Communication Systems".
-*You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive &nbsp; HTML5/JS applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Attenuation_of_Copper_Cables|"Attenuation of copper cables"]]&nbsp;  to check your results.
+*You can use the interactive &nbsp; HTML5/JS applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Attenuation_of_Copper_Cables|"Attenuation of copper cables"]]&nbsp;  to check your results.
 *[PW95]&nbsp; denotes the following literature reference:  &nbsp;Pollakowski, P.; Wellhausen, H.-W.:&nbsp; Eigenschaften symmetrischer Ortsanschlusskabel im Frequenzbereich bis 30 MHz.&nbsp; Deutsche Telekom AG, Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Darmstadt, 1995.

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 *For more information on the attenuation behavior of copper lines, see the page &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_ISDN#Four-wire_and_two-wire_transmission|Four-wire and two-wire transmission]]&nbsp; in the book "Examples of Communication Systems".
-*You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive &nbsp; HTML5/JS applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Dämpfung_von_Kupferkabeln|"Dämpfung von Kupferkabeln"]]&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; "Attenuation of copper cables"&nbsp; to check your results.
+*You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive &nbsp; HTML5/JS applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Attenuation_of_Copper_Cables|"Attenuation of copper cables"]]&nbsp;  to check your results.
 *[PW95]&nbsp; denotes the following literature reference:  &nbsp;Pollakowski, P.; Wellhausen, H.-W.:&nbsp; Eigenschaften symmetrischer Ortsanschlusskabel im Frequenzbereich bis 30 MHz.&nbsp; Deutsche Telekom AG, Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Darmstadt, 1995.

@@ Line 25: / Line 25: @@
 *For more information on the attenuation behavior of copper lines, see the page &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_ISDN#Four-wire_and_two-wire_transmission|Four-wire and two-wire transmission]]&nbsp; in the book "Examples of Communication Systems".
-*You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive SWF applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Dämpfung_von_Kupferkabeln|"Dämpfung von Kupferkabeln"]]&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; "Attenuation of copper cables"&nbsp; to check your results.
+*You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive &nbsp; HTML5/JS applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Dämpfung_von_Kupferkabeln|"Dämpfung von Kupferkabeln"]]&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; "Attenuation of copper cables"&nbsp; to check your results.
 *[PW95]&nbsp; denotes the following literature reference:  &nbsp;Pollakowski, P.; Wellhausen, H.-W.:&nbsp; Eigenschaften symmetrischer Ortsanschlusskabel im Frequenzbereich bis 30 MHz.&nbsp; Deutsche Telekom AG, Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Darmstadt, 1995.

@@ Line 66: / Line 66: @@
-'''(2)'''&nbsp; <u>Solutions 1 and 2</u> are correct:
+'''(2)'''&nbsp; <u>Solutions 1 and 2</u>&nbsp; are correct:
-*In two-wire transmission, a direction separation method is required, namely the so-called '''hybrid coil'''.&nbsp; This has the task that at receiver&nbsp; $\rm A$&nbsp; only the transmitted signal of subscriber&nbsp; $\rm B$&nbsp; arrives, but not the own transmitted signal. This is generally quite successful with narrow&ndash;band signals &ndash; for example speech &ndash; but not completely &nbsp;&#8658;&nbsp; solution 1 is correct.
+*In two-wire transmission,&nbsp; a direction separation method is required,&nbsp; namely the so-called&nbsp; "hybrid coil".&nbsp; This has the task that at receiver&nbsp; $\rm A$&nbsp; only arrives the transmitted signal of subscriber&nbsp; $\rm B$,&nbsp; but not the own transmitted signal.&nbsp; This is generally quite successful with narrow-band signals &ndash; for example speech &ndash; but not completely &nbsp;&#8658;&nbsp; solution 1 is correct.
-*Solution 2 is also correct.&nbsp; Due to inductive and capacitive couplings, crosstalk can occur from the twin wire located in the same star quad, whereby near-end crosstalk&nbsp; (i.e. the interfering transmitter and the interfered receiver are located together)&nbsp; leads to greater impairments than far-end crosstalk.
+*Solution 2 is also correct.&nbsp; Due to inductive and capacitive couplings,&nbsp; crosstalk can occur from the twin wire located in the same star quad,&nbsp; whereby near-end crosstalk&nbsp; (i.e. the interfering transmitter and the interfered receiver are located together)&nbsp; leads to greater impairments than far-end crosstalk.
-*On the other hand, the last solution is not applicable.&nbsp; Pulse interference &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; the mutual interfering influence of neighboring symbols can certainly occur, but it is not related to two-wire transmission.&nbsp; The reason for such pulse interference is rather linear distortion, caused by a non-ideal attenuation or phase response.
+*On the other hand,&nbsp; the last solution is not correct.&nbsp; Intersymbol interference &nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; the mutual interfering influence of neighboring symbols can certainly occur,&nbsp; but it is not related to two-wire transmission.&nbsp; The reason for such intersymbol interference is rather linear distortion,&nbsp; caused by a non-ideal attenuation or phase response.

@@ Line 43: / Line 43: @@
 + The two transmission directions can interfere with each other.
 + Crosstalk interference can occur.
-- Pulse interference occurs.
+- Intersymbol interference occurs.

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 Notes:
 *The exercise belongs to the chapter&nbsp;   [[Linear_and_Time_Invariant_Systems/Eigenschaften_von_Kupfer–Doppeladern|Properties of Balanced Copper Pairs]].
-*For more information on the attenuation behavior of copper lines, see the page &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_ISDN#Vierdraht.E2.80.93_und_Zweidraht.C3.BCbertragung|Vierdraht-und Zweidraht-Übertragung]]&nbsp; in the book "Examples of Communication Systems".
+*For more information on the attenuation behavior of copper lines, see the page &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_ISDN#Four-wire_and_two-wire_transmission|Four-wire and two-wire transmission]]&nbsp; in the book "Examples of Communication Systems".
 *You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive SWF applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Dämpfung_von_Kupferkabeln|"Dämpfung von Kupferkabeln"]]&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; "Attenuation of copper cables"&nbsp; to check your results.

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 [[File:EN_LZI_Z_4_6.png|right|frame|Main bundle, basic bundle and star quad '''KORREKTUR''': four-wire line&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; star quad]]
-In &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_ISDN|$\rm ISDN$]]&nbsp; (''Integrated Services Digital Networks''),&nbsp; the terminal (near the subscriber) is connected to a local exchange (OVSt) by a copper pair, with two pairs twisted into a so-called star quad.
+In &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_ISDN|$\rm ISDN$]]&nbsp; ("Integrated Services Digital Networks"),&nbsp; the terminal (near the subscriber) is connected to a local exchange ("OVSt") by a copper pair,&nbsp; with two pairs twisted into a so-called&nbsp; "star quad".
 *Several such star quad pairs are twisted to form a basic bundle,
 *several basic bundles are combined to form a main bundle (see diagram).
-In the network of Deutschen Telekom&nbsp; (formerly:&nbsp; Deutsche Bundespost),&nbsp; mostly copper lines with&nbsp; $\text{0.4 mm}$&nbsp; core diameter, are found, for whose attenuation and phase function given in&nbsp; [PW95]&nbsp; are the following equations:
+In the network of Deutschen Telekom&nbsp; (formerly:&nbsp; Deutsche Bundespost),&nbsp; mostly copper lines with&nbsp; $\text{0.4 mm}$&nbsp; core diameter are found,&nbsp; for whose attenuation and phase function given in&nbsp; [PW95]&nbsp; are the following equations:
 :$${{a}_{\rm K}(f)}/{\rm dB} = \left [ 5.1 + 14.3 \cdot \left ({f}/{\rm MHz}\right )^{0.59}\right ]\cdot{l}/{\rm km}
      \hspace{0.05cm},$$
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 Notes:
 *The exercise belongs to the chapter&nbsp;   [[Linear_and_Time_Invariant_Systems/Eigenschaften_von_Kupfer–Doppeladern|Properties of Balanced Copper Pairs]].
 *For more information on the attenuation behavior of copper lines, see the page &nbsp;[[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_ISDN#Vierdraht.E2.80.93_und_Zweidraht.C3.BCbertragung|Vierdraht-und Zweidraht-Übertragung]]&nbsp; in the book "Examples of Communication Systems".
 *You can use the&nbsp; (German language)&nbsp; interactive SWF applet &nbsp;[[Applets:Dämpfung_von_Kupferkabeln|"Dämpfung von Kupferkabeln"]]&nbsp; &rArr; &nbsp; "Attenuation of copper cables"&nbsp; to check your results.
-*[PW95]&nbsp; denotes the following literature reference:  &nbsp;Pollakowski, P.; Wellhausen, H.-W.: ''Eigenschaften symmetrischer Ortsanschlusskabel im Frequenzbereich bis 30 MHz.'' Deutsche Telekom AG, Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Darmstadt, 1995.
+*[PW95]&nbsp; denotes the following literature reference:  &nbsp;Pollakowski, P.; Wellhausen, H.-W.:&nbsp; Eigenschaften symmetrischer Ortsanschlusskabel im Frequenzbereich bis 30 MHz.&nbsp; Deutsche Telekom AG, Forschungs- und Technologiezentrum Darmstadt, 1995.