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Examples of Communication Systems/Entire GSM Transmission System - Revision history
2026-07-28T05:44:34Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:26, 16 March 2026</td>
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Guenter at 14:10, 20 February 2023
2023-02-20T14:10:45Z
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Regarding the last two blocks in the graph,&nbsp; it should be noted:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Regarding the last two blocks in the graph,&nbsp; it should be noted:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">EN_Bei_T_3_4_S6_v4</del>.png|right|frame|Receiver-side data processing for GSM <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''KORREKTUR: synthesized''' </del><br><br><br><br><br>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">EN_Bei_T_3_4_S6_neu</ins>.png|right|frame|Receiver-side data processing for GSM<br><br><br><br><br>]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*The decoding method is not prescribed by the GSM specification, but is left to the individual network operators. The performance depends on the error correction algorithm used.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*The decoding method is not prescribed by the GSM specification, but is left to the individual network operators. The performance depends on the error correction algorithm used.</div></td></tr>
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Guenter
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52831&oldid=prev
Guenter at 14:09, 20 February 2023
2023-02-20T14:09:09Z
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">EN_Bei_T_3_4_S3</del>.png|right|frame|Interleaving in GSM speech signals <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''KORREKTUR: odd bits from'''</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">EN_Bei_T_3_4_S3_v2</ins>.png|right|frame|Interleaving in GSM speech signals]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For a speech channel,&nbsp; the interleaver works in the following way:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For a speech channel,&nbsp; the interleaver works in the following way:</div></td></tr>
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Guenter
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52569&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:53, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:53:58Z
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Regarding the last two blocks in the graph,&nbsp; it should be noted:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Regarding the last two blocks in the graph,&nbsp; it should be noted:</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:EN_Bei_T_3_4_S6_v4.png|right|frame|Receiver-side data processing for GSM <br><br><br><br><br>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:EN_Bei_T_3_4_S6_v4.png|right|frame|Receiver-side data processing for GSM <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''KORREKTUR: synthesized''' </ins><br><br><br><br><br>]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*The decoding method is not prescribed by the GSM specification, but is left to the individual network operators. The performance depends on the error correction algorithm used.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*The decoding method is not prescribed by the GSM specification, but is left to the individual network operators. The performance depends on the error correction algorithm used.</div></td></tr>
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Hwang
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52568&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:52, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:52:32Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:52, 6 February 2023</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l114">Line 114:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#These&nbsp; $244$&nbsp; bits are doubled to&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits by a convolutional encoder of rate&nbsp; $1/2$&nbsp; as in speech channels.&nbsp; Two encoded symbols are generated per incoming bit,&nbsp; e.g. according to the generator polynomials&nbsp; $G_0(D) = 1 + D^3 + D^4$&nbsp; $($red marks in the second graph$)$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $G_1(D) = 1 + D + D^3 + D^4$.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#These&nbsp; $244$&nbsp; bits are doubled to&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits by a convolutional encoder of rate&nbsp; $1/2$&nbsp; as in speech channels.&nbsp; Two encoded symbols are generated per incoming bit,&nbsp; e.g. according to the generator polynomials&nbsp; $G_0(D) = 1 + D^3 + D^4$&nbsp; $($red marks in the second graph$)$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $G_1(D) = 1 + D + D^3 + D^4$.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#The following interleaver expects as output&nbsp; &ndash; just like a&nbsp; "speech interleaver" &ndash; only&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits per frame.&nbsp; Therefore,&nbsp; from the&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits at the output of the convolutional encoder still&nbsp; $32$&nbsp; bits at the positions&nbsp; $15 \cdot j \cdot 4 \ \ ( j = 1$, ... ,&nbsp; $32)$&nbsp; are removed&nbsp; $($"puncturing"$)$.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#The following interleaver expects as output&nbsp; &ndash; just like a&nbsp; "speech interleaver" &ndash; only&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits per frame.&nbsp; Therefore,&nbsp; from the&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits at the output of the convolutional encoder still&nbsp; $32$&nbsp; bits at the positions&nbsp; $15 \cdot j \cdot 4 \ \ ( j = 1$, ... ,&nbsp; $32)$&nbsp; are removed&nbsp; $($"puncturing"$)$.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Since data transmission is less time-critical than speech transmission,&nbsp; a higher interleaving degree is chosen here.&nbsp; The&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits are distributed over up to&nbsp; $24$&nbsp; interleaver blocks&nbsp; of&nbsp; $19$&nbsp; bits each,&nbsp; which would not be possible for <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">vspeech </del>services for reasons of real-time transmission.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Since data transmission is less time-critical than speech transmission,&nbsp; a higher interleaving degree is chosen here.&nbsp; The&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits are distributed over up to&nbsp; $24$&nbsp; interleaver blocks&nbsp; of&nbsp; $19$&nbsp; bits each,&nbsp; which would not be possible for <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">speech </ins>services for reasons of real-time transmission.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Then the&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits are split into four consecutive&nbsp; "normal bursts"&nbsp; and sent.&nbsp; When packing in the bursts,&nbsp; groupings of even and odd bits are again formed,&nbsp; similar to interleaving in the speech channel.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Then the&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits are split into four consecutive&nbsp; "normal bursts"&nbsp; and sent.&nbsp; When packing in the bursts,&nbsp; groupings of even and odd bits are again formed,&nbsp; similar to interleaving in the speech channel.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
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Hwang
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52567&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:51, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:51:23Z
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#The data bit rate of &nbsp; $9.6\ \rm kbit/s$ &nbsp; is first increased in the&nbsp; "Terminal Equipment"&nbsp; of the mobile station through non-GSM specific channel encoding by&nbsp; $25\%$&nbsp; to &nbsp; $12\ \rm kbit/s$ &nbsp; to allow error detection in circuit-switched networks.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#The data bit rate of &nbsp; $9.6\ \rm kbit/s$ &nbsp; is first increased in the&nbsp; "Terminal Equipment"&nbsp; of the mobile station through non-GSM specific channel encoding by&nbsp; $25\%$&nbsp; to &nbsp; $12\ \rm kbit/s$ &nbsp; to allow error detection in circuit-switched networks.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#In data transmission,&nbsp; all bits are equivalent,&nbsp; so unlike speech channel coding, there are no classes.&nbsp; The&nbsp; $240$&nbsp; bits&nbsp; per&nbsp; $20 \rm ms$ time frame are combined together with four tailbits&nbsp; "$0000$"&nbsp; to form a single data frame.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#In data transmission,&nbsp; all bits are equivalent,&nbsp; so unlike speech channel coding, there are no classes.&nbsp; The&nbsp; $240$&nbsp; bits&nbsp; per&nbsp; $20 \rm ms$ time frame are combined together with four tailbits&nbsp; "$0000$"&nbsp; to form a single data frame.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#These&nbsp; $244$&nbsp; bits are doubled to&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits by a convolutional encoder of rate&nbsp; $1/2$&nbsp; as in speech channels.&nbsp; Two encoded symbols are generated per incoming bit,&nbsp; e.g. according to the generator polynomials&nbsp; $G_0(D) = 1 + D^3 + D^4$&nbsp; $($red marks in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">th </del>second graph$)$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $G_1(D) = 1 + D + D^3 + D^4$.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#These&nbsp; $244$&nbsp; bits are doubled to&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits by a convolutional encoder of rate&nbsp; $1/2$&nbsp; as in speech channels.&nbsp; Two encoded symbols are generated per incoming bit,&nbsp; e.g. according to the generator polynomials&nbsp; $G_0(D) = 1 + D^3 + D^4$&nbsp; $($red marks in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the </ins>second graph$)$&nbsp; and&nbsp; $G_1(D) = 1 + D + D^3 + D^4$.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#The following interleaver expects as output&nbsp; &ndash; just like a&nbsp; "speech interleaver" &ndash; only&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits per frame.&nbsp; Therefore,&nbsp; from the&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits at the output of the convolutional encoder still&nbsp; $32$&nbsp; bits at the positions&nbsp; $15 \cdot j \cdot 4 \ \ ( j = 1$, ... ,&nbsp; $32)$&nbsp; are removed&nbsp; $($"puncturing"$)$.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#The following interleaver expects as output&nbsp; &ndash; just like a&nbsp; "speech interleaver" &ndash; only&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits per frame.&nbsp; Therefore,&nbsp; from the&nbsp; $488$&nbsp; bits at the output of the convolutional encoder still&nbsp; $32$&nbsp; bits at the positions&nbsp; $15 \cdot j \cdot 4 \ \ ( j = 1$, ... ,&nbsp; $32)$&nbsp; are removed&nbsp; $($"puncturing"$)$.<br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Since data transmission is less time-critical than speech transmission,&nbsp; a higher interleaving degree is chosen here.&nbsp; The&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits are distributed over up to&nbsp; $24$&nbsp; interleaver blocks&nbsp; of&nbsp; $19$&nbsp; bits each,&nbsp; which would not be possible for vspeech services for reasons of real-time transmission.<br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Since data transmission is less time-critical than speech transmission,&nbsp; a higher interleaving degree is chosen here.&nbsp; The&nbsp; $456$&nbsp; bits are distributed over up to&nbsp; $24$&nbsp; interleaver blocks&nbsp; of&nbsp; $19$&nbsp; bits each,&nbsp; which would not be possible for vspeech services for reasons of real-time transmission.<br><br></div></td></tr>
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Hwang
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52566&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:50, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:50:23Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:50, 6 February 2023</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:EN_Bei_T_3_4_S3.png|right|frame|Interleaving in GSM speech signals]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[File:EN_Bei_T_3_4_S3.png|right|frame|Interleaving in GSM speech signals <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''KORREKTUR: odd bits from'''</ins>]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For a speech channel,&nbsp; the interleaver works in the following way:</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For a speech channel,&nbsp; the interleaver works in the following way:</div></td></tr>
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Hwang
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52565&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:48, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:48:13Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:48, 6 February 2023</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l49">Line 49:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Uncoded radio data transmission leads to bit error rates in the percentage range.&nbsp; However,&nbsp; with&nbsp; [[Channel_Coding|$\text{channel coding}$]]&nbsp; some transmission errors can be detected or even corrected at the receiver.&nbsp; The bit error rate can thus be reduced to values smaller than&nbsp; $10^{-5}$.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Uncoded radio data transmission leads to bit error rates in the percentage range.&nbsp; However,&nbsp; with&nbsp; [[Channel_Coding|$\text{channel coding}$]]&nbsp; some transmission errors can be detected or even corrected at the receiver.&nbsp; The bit error rate can thus be reduced to values smaller than&nbsp; $10^{-5}$.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>First,&nbsp; we consider GSM channel encoding for speech channels,&nbsp; assuming as speech encoder the&nbsp; [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Voice_Coding</del>#<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">GSM_Fullrate_Vocoder</del>|$\text{Full Rate Codec}$]].&nbsp; The channel coding of a speech frame of&nbsp; $20\ \rm ms$&nbsp; duration is done in four consecutive steps according to the diagram.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>First,&nbsp; we consider GSM channel encoding for speech channels,&nbsp; assuming as speech encoder the&nbsp; [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Speech_Coding</ins>#<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">GSM_Full_Rate_Vocoder</ins>|$\text{Full Rate Codec}$]].&nbsp; The channel coding of a speech frame of&nbsp; $20\ \rm ms$&nbsp; duration is done in four consecutive steps according to the diagram.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the description in chapter&nbsp; [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Voice_Coding|"Speech Coding"]]&nbsp; it can be seen that not all&nbsp; $260$&nbsp; bits have the same influence on the subjectively perceived speech quality.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>From the description in chapter&nbsp; [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Voice_Coding|"Speech Coding"]]&nbsp; it can be seen that not all&nbsp; $260$&nbsp; bits have the same influence on the subjectively perceived speech quality.</div></td></tr>
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Hwang
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52564&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:47, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:47:27Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:47, 6 February 2023</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>These are transmitted within a time slot of duration&nbsp; $T_{\rm Z} = T_{\rm burst}$&nbsp; by means of the&nbsp; modulation method&nbsp; "GMSK".&nbsp; This results in the gross data rate&nbsp; $270.833 \ \rm kbit/s$.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>These are transmitted within a time slot of duration&nbsp; $T_{\rm Z} = T_{\rm burst}$&nbsp; by means of the&nbsp; modulation method&nbsp; "GMSK".&nbsp; This results in the gross data rate&nbsp; $270.833 \ \rm kbit/s$.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>At receiver side there are in reverse order the blocks&nbsp; "demodulation" &ndash; "burst de-composition" &ndash; "de-cryption" &ndash; "de-interleaving" &ndash; "channel decoding" &ndash; "speech decoding". </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>At <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the </ins>receiver side there are in reverse order the blocks&nbsp; "demodulation" &ndash; "burst de-composition" &ndash; "de-cryption" &ndash; "de-interleaving" &ndash; "channel decoding" &ndash; "speech decoding". </div></td></tr>
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Hwang
https://en.lntwww.de/index.php?title=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Entire_GSM_Transmission_System&diff=52563&oldid=prev
Hwang at 19:40, 6 February 2023
2023-02-06T19:40:07Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:40, 6 February 2023</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Speech and data transmission components== </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Speech and data transmission components== </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On the right you can see the block diagram of the GSM transmission system at the transmitting end,&nbsp; which</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On the right you can see the block diagram of the GSM transmission system at the transmitting end,&nbsp; which <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*suitable for both digitized speech signals &nbsp;$($sampling rate:&nbsp; $8 \ \rm kHz$,&nbsp; quantization:&nbsp; $13$ bit &nbsp; ⇒ &nbsp; data rate:&nbsp; $104 \ \rm kbit/s)$</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*suitable for both digitized speech signals &nbsp;$($sampling rate:&nbsp; $8 \ \rm kHz$,&nbsp; quantization:&nbsp; $13$ bit &nbsp; ⇒ &nbsp; data rate:&nbsp; $104 \ \rm kbit/s)$</div></td></tr>
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Hwang