Difference between revisions of "Exercise 3.1: GSM Network Components"

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{{quiz-Header|Buchseite=Beispiele von Nachrichtensystemen/Allgemeine Beschreibung von DSL
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{{quiz-Header|Buchseite=Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_GSM
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
[[File:P_ID1187__Bei_A_3_1.png|right|frame|GSM:  Base Station Subsystem]]
 
[[File:P_ID1187__Bei_A_3_1.png|right|frame|GSM:  Base Station Subsystem]]
  
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Die Netzinfrastruktur beim 2G–Mobilfunkstandard  ''Global System for Mobile Communications''  – kurz GSM – beinhaltet folgende Teilsysteme
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The network infrastructure in the 2G mobile communications standard  ''Global System for Mobile Communications''  - GSM for short - includes the following subsystems
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* Base Station Subsystem  ('''BSS'''),
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* Base Station Subsystem  ('''BSS''),
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* Switching & Management Subsystem  ('''SMSS'''),
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* Switching & Management Subsystem  ('''SMSS''),
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* Operation & Maintenance Subsystem  ('''OMSS''').
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* Operation & Maintenance Subsystem  ('''OMSS'').
  
  
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Das "BSS" ist im Wesentlichen für das GSM–Funknetz verantwortlich (siehe Grafik), während "SMSS" das Vermittlungsnetz darstellt und "OMSS" für den Betrieb und die Wartung zuständig ist.
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The "BSS" is essentially responsible for the GSM radio network (see diagram), while "SMSS" represents the switching network and "OMSS" is responsible for operations and maintenance.
  
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Bei den Fragen zu dieser Aufgabe werden weiterhin folgende Begriffe verwendet:
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The following terms continue to be used in the questions for this exercise:
 
*Authentication Center  ('''AUC'''),
 
*Authentication Center  ('''AUC'''),
 
*Base Station Controller  ('''BSC'''),
 
*Base Station Controller  ('''BSC'''),
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''Hinweis:''
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Hint:  
  
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*Die Aufgabe gehört zum Kapitel  [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/Allgemeine_Beschreibung_von_GSM|Allgemeine Beschreibung von GSM]].
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*This exercise belongs to the chapter  [[Examples_of_Communication_Systems/General_Description_of_GSM|"General Description of GSM"]].
 
   
 
   
  
  
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===Fragebogen===
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===Questions===
 
<quiz display=simple>
 
<quiz display=simple>
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{Mit welchen der drei Subsysteme kommuniziert die Mobilstation?
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{With which of the three subsystems does the mobile station communicate?
 
|type="[]"}
 
|type="[]"}
 
+ BSS,
 
+ BSS,
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- OMSS.
 
- OMSS.
  
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{Welche Aussagen treffen für eine ''Base Transceiver Station'' (BTS) zu?
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{Which statements are true for a ''Base Transceiver Station'' (BTS)?
 
|type="[]"}
 
|type="[]"}
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+ BTS ist die Sende– und Empfangseinrichtung der Basisstation.
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+ BTS is the transmitting and receiving equipment of the base station.
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- Aufgabe der BTS ist die Vermittlung von Gesprächen.
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- The exercise of the BTS is the switching of calls.
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+ Meist sind mehrere BTS einem gemeinsamen BSC unterstellt.
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+ Usually several BTS are subordinated to a common BSC.
  
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{Wie viele Kanäle (Antennen) kann eine BTS gleichzeitig unterstützen?
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{How many channels (antennas) can a BTS support simultaneously?
 
|type="{}"}
 
|type="{}"}
 
$N_{\rm max} \ = \ $ { 3 3% }  
 
$N_{\rm max} \ = \ $ { 3 3% }  
  
  
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{Welche der nachfolgenden Komponenten sind Teil des OMSS?
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{Which of the following components are part of the OMSS?
 
|type="[]"}
 
|type="[]"}
 
- GMSC,
 
- GMSC,
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+ OMC.
 
+ OMC.
  
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{Welche der nachfolgenden Komponenten sind Datenbanken?
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{Which of the following components are databases?
 
|type="[]"}
 
|type="[]"}
 
+ AUC,
 
+ AUC,
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</quiz>
 
</quiz>
  
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===Musterlösung===
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===Solution===
 
{{ML-Kopf}}
 
{{ML-Kopf}}
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'''(1)'''&nbsp; Richtig ist der <u>Lösungsvorschlag 1</u>:
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'''(1)'''&nbsp; Correct is the <u>proposed solution 1</u>:
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*Jede Mobilstation (MS) steht mit einer ''Base Transceiver Station'' (BTS) in Funkverbindung.  
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*Each mobile station (MS) is in radio communication with a ''Base Transceiver Station'' (BTS).  
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*Diese ist Teil des ''Base Station Subsystems'' (BSS).
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*This is part of the ''Base Station Subsystem'' (BSS).
  
  
  
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'''(2)'''&nbsp; Richtig sind die <u>Lösungsvorschläge 1 und 3</u>:
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'''(2)'''&nbsp; Correct are the <u>proposed solutions 1 and 3</u>:
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*Dagegen ist der Lösungsvorschlag 2 falsch: Das BTS ist  nicht für Vermittlungsaufgaben zuständig, sondern dies ist die Aufgabe eines ''Mobile Switching Centers'' (MSC), das einen Teil des ''Switching and Management Subsystems'' (SMSS) darstellt.
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*In contrast, proposed solution 2 is incorrect: The BTS is not responsible for switching tasks, but this is the exercise of a ''Mobile Switching Center'' (MSC), which is a part of the ''Switching and Management Subsystem'' (SMSS).
  
  
  
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'''(3)'''&nbsp; Bei GSM decken die einzelnen Antennen meist $120^\circ$–Sektoren ab. Das bedeutet auch, dass eine BTS bis zu <u>drei Funkkanäle</u> bereitstellen kann.
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'''(3)'''&nbsp; In GSM, the individual antennas usually cover $120^\circ$ sectors. This also means that a BTS can provide up to <u>three radio channels</u>.
  
  
  
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'''(4)'''&nbsp; Richtig ist der <u>Lösungsvorschlag 3</u>:
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'''(4)'''&nbsp; The correct <u>proposed solution 3</u> is:
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*Nur das ''Operation and Management Center'' (OMC) gehört zum OMSS.  
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*Only the ''Operation and Management Center'' (OMC) is part of the OMSS.  
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*Dagegen sind MSC und GMSC Komponenten des Mobilvermittlungsnetzes (SMSS).  
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*In contrast, MSC and GMSC are components of the mobile switching network (SMSS).  
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*Bezüglich des OMC unterscheidet man noch zwischen OMC–B (zur BSS–Überwachung) und OMC–S (zur SMSS–Überwachung).
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*With respect to the OMC, a further distinction is made between OMC-B (for BSS monitoring) and OMC-S (for SMSS monitoring).
  
  
  
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'''(5)'''&nbsp; Richtig sind die <u>Lösungsvorschläge 1, 3 und 4</u>:
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'''(5)'''&nbsp; Correct are <u>proposed solutions 1, 3 and 4</u>:
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*GMSC ist eine Hardware-Einheit, die für die Vermittlung zwischen dem Festnetz und dem Mobilnetz zuständig ist.  
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*GMSC is a hardware unit responsible for switching between the fixed and mobile networks.  
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*Die drei anderen angegebenen Begriffe beschreiben Datenbanken des SMSS.  
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*The other three terms given describe databases of the SMSS.  
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*AUC ist für die Speicherung von vertraulichen Daten und Schlüsseln verantwortlich.  
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*AUC is responsible for storing confidential data and keys.  
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*HLR ist ein Zentralregister für das gesamte ''Public Land Mobile Network'' (PLMN) zur Verwaltung unverschlüsselter Telnehmerdaten, der abonnierten Dienste und zur Wegesuche für Rufe der eigenen Teilnehmer eines Mobilfunkbetreibers.  
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*HLR is a central register for the entire ''Public Land Mobile Network'' (PLMN) for managing unencrypted subscriber data, subscribed services, and routing for calls of a mobile operator's own subscribers.  
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*Dagegen sind im Besucherregister (VLR) die Informationen über die momentanen Besucher anderer Betreiber abgelegt, die sich im aktuellen PLMN befinden.   
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*In contrast, the visitor register (VLR) stores information about the current visitors of other operators who are in the current PLMN.   
  
 
{{ML-Fuß}}
 
{{ML-Fuß}}

Revision as of 22:00, 29 December 2022

GSM:  Base Station Subsystem

The network infrastructure in the 2G mobile communications standard  Global System for Mobile Communications  - GSM for short - includes the following subsystems

  • Base Station Subsystem  ('BSS),
  • Switching & Management Subsystem  ('SMSS),
  • Operation & Maintenance Subsystem  ('OMSS).


The "BSS" is essentially responsible for the GSM radio network (see diagram), while "SMSS" represents the switching network and "OMSS" is responsible for operations and maintenance.

The following terms continue to be used in the questions for this exercise:

  • Authentication Center  (AUC),
  • Base Station Controller  (BSC),
  • Base Transceiver Station  (BTS),
  • Gateway Mobile Switching Center  (GMSC),
  • Home Location Register  (HLR),
  • Mobile Switching Center  (MSC),
  • Operation and Maintenance Center  (OMC),
  • Visitor Location Register  (VLR).





Hint:


Questions

1

With which of the three subsystems does the mobile station communicate?

BSS,
SMSS,
OMSS.

2

Which statements are true for a Base Transceiver Station (BTS)?

BTS is the transmitting and receiving equipment of the base station.
The exercise of the BTS is the switching of calls.
Usually several BTS are subordinated to a common BSC.

3

How many channels (antennas) can a BTS support simultaneously?

$N_{\rm max} \ = \ $

4

Which of the following components are part of the OMSS?

GMSC,
MSC,
OMC.

5

Which of the following components are databases?

AUC,
GMSC,
HLR,
VLR.


Solution

Solution

(1)  Correct is the proposed solution 1:

  • Each mobile station (MS) is in radio communication with a Base Transceiver Station (BTS).
  • This is part of the Base Station Subsystem (BSS).


(2)  Correct are the proposed solutions 1 and 3:

  • In contrast, proposed solution 2 is incorrect: The BTS is not responsible for switching tasks, but this is the exercise of a Mobile Switching Center (MSC), which is a part of the Switching and Management Subsystem (SMSS).


(3)  In GSM, the individual antennas usually cover $120^\circ$ sectors. This also means that a BTS can provide up to three radio channels.


(4)  The correct proposed solution 3 is:

  • Only the Operation and Management Center (OMC) is part of the OMSS.
  • In contrast, MSC and GMSC are components of the mobile switching network (SMSS).
  • With respect to the OMC, a further distinction is made between OMC-B (for BSS monitoring) and OMC-S (for SMSS monitoring).


(5)  Correct are proposed solutions 1, 3 and 4:

  • GMSC is a hardware unit responsible for switching between the fixed and mobile networks.
  • The other three terms given describe databases of the SMSS.
  • AUC is responsible for storing confidential data and keys.
  • HLR is a central register for the entire Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) for managing unencrypted subscriber data, subscribed services, and routing for calls of a mobile operator's own subscribers.
  • In contrast, the visitor register (VLR) stores information about the current visitors of other operators who are in the current PLMN.

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